In the Future Metaverse, What Kind of UGC do Users Need?

With the COVID-19 pandemic, people's real-life interactions diminished, and the game-based metaverse platforms such as Minecraft and Roblox are on the rise. The main users of these platforms are teenagers, they generate content in a virtual environment, which can significantly increase the activity of the platform. However, the experience of User-Generated Content in the metaverse is not very good. So what kind of support do users need to improve the efficiency of generating content in the metaverse? To investigate teenage users' preferences and expectations of it, this paper interviewed 72 teenagers aged 12-22 who are familiar with the metaverse game, and distilled 4 suggestions that can help promote metaverse users to generate content. © 2023 IEEE.

ICT Transformation in Education: Its Impact on Language Teachers' Professional Identities

Rapid and continuous changes in digital technologies have changed both classroom practices and teacher profiles in education. It can be argued that a new context of teaching may lead some teachers to develop a different teacher identity in order to meet the needs of the era. Within this perspective, this case study attempts to explore the impacts of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) revolution in education on teachers' professional identity through the lens of three English instructors from three different contexts in Turkey. The study particularly focuses on reflections of teachers during the pandemic. As a theoretical framework, the study adopts Wenger's (1997) social theory of learning and, within this framework, it discusses these teachers' professional identities in relation to their ICT usage. In particular, three modes of belonging, Engagement, Imagination and Alignment, are underlined. A qualitative approach is employed based on the written history documents of the participants and semi-structured interviews as data collection tools. The findings are gathered with a deductive thematic analysis, and they illustrate that teachers have some external and internal difficulties regarding their ICT usage, and they form a new shape of professional identity mainly through collaboration, community expertise and contributing new ideas in their school contexts. Although the use of new digital technologies mostly enables them to adopt a positive and modern teacher identity in their teaching contexts, it also leads some of them to sometimes question their teacher identity due to their limited ICT knowledge and competence. Thus, the study suggests some implications both for language teachers to invest in their digital identities, and for school administrations to create a friendly atmosphere where the community of expertise can be shared freely among teachers.

Getting Students to (and Through) Advanced Math: Where Course Offerings and Content Are Not Adding Up. American Educator Panels. Research Report. RR-A827-10

This report uses Spring 2022 data from nationally representative surveys of principals and math teachers in kindergarten through grade 12 (K-12) to explore students' opportunities to prepare for and take advanced math. The authors found that small high schools, high schools in rural areas, and high schools that predominantly serve students from historically marginalized communities tend to offer fewer advanced math courses (e.g., precalculus, Advanced Placement math courses) and that uneven access to advanced math begins in middle school. K-12 teachers who work in schools that predominately serve students living in poverty are more likely to report skipping standards-aligned content and replacing the skipped content with concepts from previous grade levels. Also, more than half of K-12 math teachers said they need additional support for delivering high-quality math instruction, especially teachers who work in schools that serve predominantly high-poverty students. In the wake of the disproportionate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on students living in poverty and students of color, these results highlight a critical need for resources to support teachers and to increase student access to advanced courses. [For technical information about the surveys and analysis in this report, see "Learn Together Surveys. 2022 Technical Documentation and Survey Results. Research Report. RR-A827-9" (ED626092).]

A Qualitative Analysis of Physician, Staff, and Patient Perspectives During the Discharge Process for Vascular Patients

Objectives: Evidence demonstrates that when hospitals focus on the discharge process patient safety improves and overall costs decline. Hospital discharge requires care coordination of multiple disciplines, often leading to fragmented care, and adverse outcomes after discharge include emergency department visits and hospital readmissions. The Re-Engineered Discharge (RED) process was developed as an evidence-based strategy to improve the hospital discharge. We evaluated perspectives and priorities of physicians, health care workers, and patients involved in the vascular discharge process using RED as a framework. Method(s): A single-center qualitative analysis using a semi-structured focus groups and an interview guide based on the RED process. Focus groups were Zoom platform recorded, transcribed into text files, independently coded, and analyzed with Dedoose qualitative software using a directed content analysis approach. Thematic concepts were created, and comparisons between groups were analyzed by coding frequency. Researchers independently thematically coded each transcript;prior to analysis, all redundancy of codes was resolved;and all team members agreed on text categorization and coding frequency. Result(s): Eight focus groups with 38 participants were performed. Participants included: physicians (n = 13), nursing and ancillary staff (n = 19), and patients/caregivers (n = 6). Transcript analyses revealed facilitators and barriers to discharge. Overarching themes identified from the qualitative analysis frequencies are displayed by stakeholder role (Fig 1). Themes identified with the greatest coding frequencies included helpfulness of discharge instructions, patient health literacy, patient medical complexity, poor interdisciplinary team communication, time constraints during discharge, technology literacy of patients, barriers to obtaining medications for patients, barriers to organizing outpatient services for health care workers, barriers for patients to obtain help after discharge, and the impact of COVID-19. Conclusion(s): These findings identify the need to strengthen efforts to overcome stakeholder barriers to improve patient safety at the interface of the hospital to create a well-organized discharge. Physicians were most concerned with low patient health literacy, patient understanding of discharge instructions, organizing outpatient services, and overall patient medical complexity hindering a smooth discharge. Health care staff identified time constraints, obtaining medications and, and inter-team communication as their greatest obstacles to an organized discharge. Patients found the complexity and amount of discharge instructions, the impact of COVID-19 on support systems, and technology utilization after discharge most challenging. Modifications to address individual stakeholder barriers within the discharge process are needed to develop a national standardized discharge specific for vascular surgery patients to improve patient safety and satisfaction. [Formula presented]Copyright © 2023

The Antecedents of Consumer Satisfaction Toward OTT Platforms During COVID-19 Lockdown in India

The outbreak of COVID-19 has emerged as the biggest threat to human life. It has changed the entire lifestyle of human beings concerning their emotional stability and cognitive development. Enjoyment is one of the emotions and acts as a positive stimulus that a consumer used to feel and seeks for a balanced life. Since the nationwide lockdown was implemented on March 25, 2020, people have turned restless about how to enjoy themselves at home, as all of their options of going out were being shattered. It was the time when continuous innovations in the form of digital content through over-the-top (OTT) platforms flourished and provided an affordable and diversified entertainment source to consumers. These OTT services help consumers to view the contents via the Internet directly. Furthermore, it has drastically changed people's preferences toward diversified content based on their choices. This study aims to explore the various determinants affecting consumer satisfaction toward the OTT platforms amid COVID-19 crisis in India. The study's main findings revealed that among the demographic variables, age group of the consumer largely influences their satisfaction toward OTT platforms. Moreover, work from home, affordability, convenience, and content quality are the significant determinants affecting consumer satisfaction levels toward OTT platforms. The study is relevant to the current marketing scenario, as it provides useful insights for the content developers of the major OTT platforms such as Amazon Prime, Netflix, Disney+ Hotstar, Voot, and many others to enhance the consumer satisfaction in the terms of digital content consumption.

The evaluation of telemedicine-online health services during Covid-19 in Turkey private hospitals: Thematic analysis

Aim: With the Covid-19 outbreak, it has been observed that people wanted to receive healthcare services remotely. In other words, people wanted to reach healthcare services or healthcare professionals from their homes without going to the hospital. Thus, this study aimed to determine how telemedicine-online health services of private hospitals are handled on websites and social media channels. Material(s) and Method(s): Data was collected by conducting qualitative content analysis to the websites and corporate social media of hospitals in Istanbul, the city where the most private hospitals in Turkey are located. Overall, 608 data from 76 hospitals were analysed using the thematic analysis method. Result(s): When the analysis of the information was received a total of 8 themes emerged. These were divided into thematic codes as the telemedicine-online health service status, including the number of hospital beds, the content of written, visuals etc. posts, features of the branches of the application and details of other online health services. Discussion(s): The use of telemedicine-online health services in private hospitals is found to be at the initial stage and written and visual posts are insufficient. The information collected can help determine the current situation and contribute to private hospitals when determining new strategies.Copyright © 2021, Derman Medical Publishing. All rights reserved.

Immersive Technologies - The future for tracheostomy education?

Introduction: The need for standardised education on tracheostomy care is well recognised.1 Staff frequently report a lack of confidence in caring for those with tracheostomies, as well as the management of adverse events as they occur.2 Over the past decade, healthcare providers have developed strategies to educate staff, however, the covid-19 pandemic has severely hampered the ability to provide this necessary training due to restrictions on access to training rooms, the need for social distancing and the significant clinical demands placed on both trainers and trainees.3 The potential for immersive technologies to augment healthcare training is gaining interest exponentially.4 However, its effectiveness is yet to be clearly understood and as such it is not yet common within healthcare education.5 Based on the above, we aimed to explore the potential of these immersive technologies to overcome the current challenges of tracheostomy education, and to develop future strategies to use immersive technology in healthcare education. Method(s): We received a 400,000 grant from Cardiff Capital Region (CCR) to undertake a rapid innovation project overseen by the SBRI centre of excellence. The project consisted of 3 main phases: 1) feasibility;2) development;and 3) testing. The project was officially launched in April 2021 and lasted 12 months. Project governance was provided via the SBRI for clinical excellence, a project board with representation from Welsh Government, Cardiff University and Cardiff and Vale UHB, and a project team with clinical expertise in both the delivery of tracheostomy education and the provision of simulation training in healthcare. Result(s): Phase 1: During phase one 4 industries were successful and received up to 30,000 to explore the feasibility of immersive technology to support tracheostomy education. The industries were Rescape, TruCorp, Aspire2Be and Nudge Reality. During the feasibility phase all industries focused on the emergency management process utilising existing NHS Wales tracheostomy education resources and the national tracheostomy safety programme. Phase 2: For phase 2, Rescape and Nudge Reality were chosen to develop the technology. These industries continued to work in conjunction with the project team to capture the core elements of tracheostomy care, including multi-user emergency management scenarios. Additional content was also added for bronchoscopy and insertion of intercostal drains. Phase 3: Testing of both solutions was undertaken over an 8-week period, across 6 Health Boards in NHS Wales. The results of the testing will be analysed and available for presentation in due course. Provision findings demonstrate good face and content validity with high levels of user satisfaction. Discussion / Conclusion(s): The provision of essential tracheostomy education has been severely affected by the covid-19 pandemic. Evolving immersive technologies have the potential to overcome these challenges and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of education packages in tracheostomy care and wider. Through this CCR grant, in conjunction with industry, we have developed two solutions with the potential for widescale procurement and future research on the use of immersive technologies within healthcare.

Pandemics and infodemics: How COVID-19 is reshaping content regulation

The debate about tackling online misinformation and disinformation is not unique to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the health crisis has elevated the danger of misleading information circulated on social media. Labelled as 'infodemic', the problem of COVID-19-related misinformation and disinformation prompted governments and social media platforms around the globe to impose various speech restrictions. The public and private policy frameworks aiming to curb the spread of the infodemic were adopted in a state of emergency and without proper scrutiny. Yet, they are shaping the future of content regulation, possibly affecting freedom of speech and other democratic values for years to come. This chapter looks at the key problematic aspects of actions taken by governments and social media platforms to address COVID-19-related misinformation and disinformation and discusses the possible long-term effects of these measures. © 2023 the authors.

Agricultural Social Networks: An Agricultural Value Chain-Based Digitalization Framework for an Inclusive Digital Economy

Sustainable agriculture is the backbone of food security systems and a driver of human well-being in global economic development (Sustainable Development Goal SDG 3). With the increase in world population and the effects of climate change due to the industrialization of economies, food security systems are under pressure to sustain communities. This situation calls for the implementation of innovative solutions to increase and sustain efficacy from farm to table. Agricultural social networks (ASNs) are central in agriculture value chain (AVC) management and sustainability and consist of a complex network inclusive of interdependent actors such as farmers, distributors, processors, and retailers. Hence, social network structures (SNSs) and practices are a means to contextualize user scenarios in agricultural value chain digitalization and digital solutions development. Therefore, this research aimed to unearth the roles of agricultural social networks in AVC digitalization, enabling an inclusive digital economy. We conducted automated literature content analysis followed by the application of case studies to develop a conceptual framework for the digitalization of the AVC toward an inclusive digital economy. Furthermore, we propose a transdisciplinary framework that guides the digitalization systematization of the AVC, while articulating resilience principles that aim to attain sustainability. The outcomes of this study offer software developers, agricultural stakeholders, and policymakers a platform to gain an understanding of technological infrastructure capabilities toward sustaining communities through digitalized AVCs.

Self-Sovereign Identity for Consented and Content-Based Access to Medical Records Using Blockchain

Electronic health records (EHRs) and medical data are classified as personal data in every privacy law, meaning that any related service that includes processing such data must come with full security, confidentiality, privacy, and accountability. Solutions for health data management, as in storing it, sharing and processing it, are emerging quickly and were significantly boosted by the COVID-19 pandemic that created a need to move things online. EHRs make a crucial part of digital identity data, and the same digital identity trends - as in self-sovereign identity powered by decentralized ledger technologies like blockchain, are being researched or implemented in contexts managing digital interactions between health facilities, patients, and health professionals. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based solution enabling secure exchange of EHRs between different parties powered by a self-sovereign identity (SSI) wallet and decentralized identifiers. We also make use of a consortium IPFS network for off-chain storage and attribute-based encryption (ABE) to ensure data confidentiality and integrity. Through our solution, we grant users full control over their medical data and enable them to securely share it in total confidentiality over secure communication channels between user wallets using encryption. We also use DIDs for better user privacy and limit any possible correlations or identification by using pairwise DIDs. Overall, combining this set of technologies guarantees secure exchange of EHRs, secure storage, and management along with by-design features inherited from the technological stack. © 2023 Marie Tcholakian et al.

Best practices for building faculty presence and student engagement

At first, the pandemic caught the world off-guard, and then the rate of change to innovate did not give many the time needed to adapt. With physical distance added to the equation of the new normal, higher education might never look the same again. For many of us, this means teaching through a new medium, higher dependence on technology, delivering live lectures to students who hide behind turned-off cameras, decreased participation, and higher performance anxiety. The new normal makes us wonder how to lead our students during these unprecedented times;how to create an active faculty presence in the courses that we teach remotely or online;and how to build student engagement without adding to the performance anxiety. This chapter aims to answer all these questions considering the practices that have repeatedly helped me establish my presence and outstanding student engagement during these unprecedented times of COVID-19. These involve the use of audio visual tools, breakout rooms, short lectures, content update, classroom games, social media and faculty branding. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.

HAS COVID-19 INTENSIFIED VISITING BEHAVIORS OF ONLYFANS AND ITS ALTERNATIVES?: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

Due to multiple COVID-19 lockdowns, individuals likely engaged in multiple activities, including viewing adult content. Even though a subscription-based pornographic content sharing (SPCS) website (e.g., OnlyFans or Fancentro) is operationally distinct from traditional sexual channels (e.g., Pornhub or Xvideos), no study has examined whether COVID-19 increased the visiting behaviors of these SPCS websites. Consequently, we attempted to address this void. The subscription to comScore services by Chulalongkorn Business School allowed us to utilize actual visitor behavior at three SPCS websites before and during COVID-19. The analysis of 17,477 visit sessions revealed that (1) pageviews and visit duration peaked before the pandemic, but (2) the average length of stay per pageview increased during the pandemic compared to before its introduction. In addition to providing theoretical insight into the relationship between COVID-19 and website-visiting behaviors of SPCS, our findings offer practical contributions. © 2023, International Journal of Economics and Finance Studies. All Rights Reserved.

COVID-19 and the internet: Lessons learned

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the 'real' world and substantially impacted the virtual world and thus the Internet ecosystem. It has caused a significant exogenous shock that offers a wealth of natural experiments and produced new data about broadband, clouds, and the Internet in times of crisis. In this chapter, we characterise and evaluate the evolving impact of the global COVID-19 crisis on traffic patterns and loads and the impact of those on Internet performance from multiple perspectives. While we place a particular focus on deriving insights into how we can better respond to crises and better plan for the post-COVID-19 'new normal', we analyse the impact on and the responses by different actors of the Internet ecosystem across different jurisdictions. With a focus on the USA and Europe, we examine the responses of both public and private actors, with the latter including content and cloud providers, content delivery networks, and Internet service providers (ISPs). This chapter makes two contributions: first, we derive lessons learned for a future post-COVID-19 world to inform non-networking spheres and policy-making;second, the insights gained assist the networking community in better planning for the future. © 2023 the authors.

Digitized Entertainment - Factors influencing Consumer Adoption of OTT Platforms

People's way of consuming media changed tremendously with rapid technological improvements and increased internet penetration levels across India due to emergence of over-the-top media services (OTT) platforms. COVID-19 outbreak has tremendously increased the demand for OTT streaming channels like Netflix, Amazon prime, Zee 5, Alt Balaji and Disney Hotstar which transformed the world of entertainment and media by contributing mind blowing services during the lockdown period.This research paper is an attempt to study the shift in media consumption patterns from old ways of entertainment like cinema, television to new ways of entertainment like OTT platforms, study and analyze the consumer preference towards choice of OTT platforms, watching habits of online over the top (OTT) applications among Indian viewers. © 2023 IEEE.

Perception of pharmacy students towards blended pedagogy in 21st century pharmacy education

Background: In industrialized and developing economic countries like India, the technology transfer has significantly enhanced the quality of higher education, where the tentacles of digitalization have deeply entered education system, which opened the gateway of blended pedagogy, enabling a greater access to course content, learning preparation in peers and interactions. Across the globe, blended learning is applied in pharmaceutical education but it gained momentum in Indian pharmacy education during the global threat, COVID-19 pandemic. Aim and Objectives: The current experimental study of six months duration was performed to investigate the perception of pharmacy students towards blended pedagogy in pharmacy education at undergraduate level. Methodology: In the current experiment survey, a validated standard self-administered questionnaire with 28 inventories under 7 categories was administered to students pursuing undergraduate pharmacy programs in a pharmacy institute located at rural Andhra Pradesh for a period of six months, through online mode;data collection was performed in students showing willingness and further collected data was assessed through excel spreadsheet. Result(s): The study observed a two-third satisfaction on an average in terms of all the indicators which influence the blended pedagogy (teacher 71.8%, course content 74.8%, technology transfer 58.7%, interactions 78.8%, and constructive knowledge 73.7%). Conclusion(s): In conclusion, our study envisaged effective student engagement, with more facilitator-student interactions and adaptability;through blended learning which enabled, enhanced and transformed students to active learners.Copyright © 2023, Indian Pharmaceutical Association. All rights reserved.

Factors affecting students' use of a data-free instant messenger for on-line peer tutoring: a large, undergraduate class at a historically disadvantaged university

There is a need for synchronous and inclusive online peer tutoring in large, undergraduate classes. As a lack of data or internet connectivity may limit online peer tutoring, the use of a data-free instant messenger was implemented for online tutoring in a class of 342 students. The Moya application allows students to chat and send voice notes to tutors and peers without using data. Sending attachments incurs data costs but the amount of data is displayed prior to downloading. The qualitative interpretivist case study used data collected from purposive sampling via an online survey. Consent was received from 252 third-year Information Systems students at a historically disadvantaged university. Qualitative data were analysed via thematic content analysis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 model as a theoretical basis. Findings indicate that the majority of students (85.7%) did not use the data-free Moya instant messenger. Reasons for the low usage included a negative performance expectancy, as students did not see the benefit in using the application to engage with peers or tutors. Perceived effort expectancy was low, as students did not desire to learn to use a new application. Results showed that using WhatsApp was a habit. Moreover, social influence was a factor, as fellow students and tutors were also using WhatsApp. Students recommended increasing awareness of the Moya application and providing training. The price value was expected to be a significant factor as this application does not require data, but this was not the case. Facilitating conditions show that students had data for WhatsApp. Moya has the same interface design as the preferred WhatsApp so learning to use the application should require minimal effort. The unexpected findings indicate that students prefer WhatsApp, an instant messenger that requires data, over a datafree instant messenger. The findings leave lecturers questioning whether using WhatsApp for online peer tutoring is the more viable option.

'Critical Concepts': Development of an online Introduction to Intensive Care lecture series

Introduction: Background: Intensive Care Learning in the North East is a group of intensive care doctors in the North East of England, passionate about education in ICM.1 The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has necessitated social distancing and disrupted traditional in-person courses. However, this has borne opportunities for virtual courses delivered to a national audience.2 Course content: We describe the second iteration of an eight-part online and interactive lecture series entitled 'Critical Concepts: An Introduction to Intensive Care'. The lectures focus on the A-E management of the critically ill patient, with additional sessions on 'Return of Spontaneous Circulation', and 'Applications and Careers in ICM.' The lectures were delivered fortnightly via Zoom,3 and consist of a 45-minute lecture followed by a 45-minute break-out room to discuss interactive cases with a facilitator and four participants. The lectures were available for two weeks on YouTube4 via private link, to enable participants to catch-up if not able to attend. Objective(s): We wished to examine the effectiveness and quality of our lecture series through a pre-course and a post-course questionnaire. We designed the questionnaire to elicit qualitative and quantitative feedback from the participants. Method(s): We invited the 60 course participants to fill in a pre- and post-course questionnaire, and received 28 and 51 responses respectively. Result(s): Participant demographics: 25% of delegates were in FY1, 75% were in FY2. 50% had no prior experience of working in an ICU, 21.4% had worked in an ICU during FY, 28.6% had undertaken a Taster Week in ICU. Quantitative results: * 'How would you rate your current apprehension regarding redeployment to ICU?' (1 - very apprehensive;5 - not apprehensive), the mean self-rating prior to the course was 2.54, and following completion of the course was 3.51. * 'How would you rate your understanding of what happens in an ICU?' (1 - very poor understanding;5 - very good understanding), the mean self-rating prior to the course was 2.75, and following completion of the course was 4.00. * 'How confident do you feel in discussing escalation of care with critical care staff?' (1 - not confident at all;5 - very confident), the mean self-rating prior to the course was 3.00, and following completion of the course was 4.04. YouTube catch-up The mean number of weeks that participants were able to attend in real-time was 4. 4 participants were able to attend all weeks, 78.8% of participants missing at least 1 week were able to catch-up on all weeks using YouTube, 21.2% were able to catch-up on some weeks, and no participants did not use this facility. Conclusion(s): We have demonstrated that our online teaching course has improved understanding of the care delivered on ICU, and reduced apprehension surrounding working in ICU and discussing patients with colleagues. We have demonstrated that YouTube is a free and well utilised method to enable to enable participants to catch-up on lecture content they were unable to attend in real-time. We believe that courses such as this will remain as Covid-19 restrictions are lifted.

Academic Research Responses to Covid-19: The Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective

This study investigates the strategic responses to the Covid-19 pandemic by academic research from the distinctive lens of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Specifically, it examines the evolution and trend of published academic research covering the CSR-Covid-19 nexus by highlighting key characteristics of published theoretical and empirical research linking the two elements. A total of 99 papers on CSR-Covid-19 nexus derived from Scopus database were analysed using bibliometrics, social network techniques and content analysis to examine the research activities since the start of the pandemic up to November 2021. The results indicate that the pandemic had effectively stimulated rapid growth of research interests examining the intertwined nature of CSR and Covid-19 as reflected in the swift proliferation of studies theoretically explaining and empirically testing the roles and impacts of CSR on various Covid-19 outcomes within myriads of domains, including but not limited to health, business practices, economics, and socials. The practical implications of this article lies on its ability to accentuate key research characteristics that early and/or mature researchers should consider when planning their future research trajectory on the link between CSR and Covid-19.

Development Model in Economic Growth: Dynamic Cycle on Halal Tourism: Acces la Success

The development of sharia tourism in Indonesia has some extraordinary challenges and obstacles throughout 20202022 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the 2019 gMtI data shows that by 2030, the number of Muslim tourists is projected to exceed 230 million worldwide. The opportunities, challenges, and obstacles shown in the development of sharia tourism require stakeholder follow-up as part of the growth of the sharia economy in the country. This study offers a theoretical framework for economic growth built on dynamic cycle theory because very few studies investigate it. Even though it is imperative to consider an analysis of economic growth with a dynamic cycle that focuses on the halal tourism sector because it is known to make a significant contribution that supports sustainable development conditions and vice versa. This study investigates one of the Islamic tourism development models originating from Ibn Khaldun's thoughts regarding the concept of the state relating to justice to obtain wealth in economic activity (through trade). The research method used is a literature study using content analysis that focuses on the thoughts of Ibn Khaldun as contained in his work entitled Muqadimmah and several relevant previous literatures. The findings reveal that there are two important points. First, Ibnu Khaldun proposes a framework to help countries face challenges of growth or problems of back-and-forth economic development including a dynamic cycle. The framework is based on a proposition of eight principles from a policy known as the eight wise principles or sentence hikammiyah consisting of sovereign power (al-mulk), sharia, human resources (ar-rijal), property (al-mal), development (al-imarah), justice (al-adl), a yardstick (al-mizan), and responsibility are cycles that occur with different durations. So in the end created three generations. Second, if Ibn Khaldun's thoughts about the eight principles of justice policy are embodied in sharia tourism development policies that are supported by the role of human resources, it will affect the reversal of sharia economic growth. It can be concluded that the dynamic cycle can support the development of sharia tourism and have an impact on sharia economic growth as long as the eight policy principles are implemented correctly according to sharia. Stakeholders need to consider the dynamic cycle for future sharia tourism development policies.

Traditional capoeira street circles in Florianópolis (Southern Brazil): impacts of the covid-19 pandemic

Capoeira is a cultural manifestation of Afro-Brazilian origin, born during the slavery period in Brazil. Its practice developed historically on the street, on the margins of Brazilian society, giving new meaning to spaces almost always understood only as places of passage or transition. Capoeira has manifested itself in traditional capoeira street circles in Florianópolis (Southern Brazil) for over 30 years, representing possibilities of playful and leisure moments for practitioners, resistant to established historical inequalities. With the covid-19 pandemic and indications for social distancing, the configurations of social life needed to be reinvented. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on traditional capoeira street circles in Florianópolis. This is a descriptive, exploratory field research with a qualitative approach to the data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants, whose contents were organised in NVivo-12 software and analysed using content analysis, considering the framework of leisure studies and Southern Epistemologies. This study confirmed the impossibility of carrying out the circles in person, resulting in difficulties faced by participants, with different reverberations in their lives. The research highlights the importance of turning to the manifestations and social actors made invisible throughout history, doubly disadvantaged during the current scenario. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Leisure Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)